(Updated on October 27, 2025)

1. The author is fully responsible for all textual revisions. The Mises Journal does not perform spelling or grammar checks, and no textual changes will be made after publication.
2. Choose the most appropriate section for your article. The Section Policies can be accessed here.
3. The order of authors must be provided exactly as it will appear in the publication; no subsequent changes will be accepted. Authors must not be identified within the body of the submitted text. The supplementary document containing the complete author data (including the CRediT Taxonomy for individual contributions) must be filled out according to the available form.
4. During submission, in the "Institution" field, the authors' affiliation must always include the city, state, and country, written in full, for standardization and formality purposes. Additionally, avoid using adjectives that may lend an informal tone to the text. Example: Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
5. The "Biographical Summary" field must be filled out with a maximum of 500 characters.
6. The text must be written in Microsoft Word, using Times New Roman font, size 12, with 1.5 line spacing, on A4-sized pages, with justified alignment and paragraphs indented by 1.25 cm on the first line. Articles must not exceed 43 pages.
7. The structure must follow this sequence: title; abstract (between 800 and 1,000 characters, including spaces); five keywords separated by commas (,); title in English, abstract, and keywords; title in Spanish, resumen, and palabras clave; and the body of the text. The text must include an unnumbered introduction and conclusion, as well as the respective numbered sections and subsections for the development of the work.
8. Article title: Only the first letter of the first word (and of proper names) in uppercase, in bold and left-aligned. Introduction and Conclusion (or Final Considerations): Without numbering, with the first letter of the first word (and of proper names) in uppercase, in bold and left-aligned. Level 1 (e.g., 1. Title): Numbered, first letter in uppercase, in bold and left-aligned. Level 2 (e.g., 1.1 Title): Numbered, first letter in uppercase, in bold and left-aligned. Level 3 (e.g., 1.1.1 Title): Numbered, first letter in uppercase, without bold and left-aligned.
9. Footnotes should only contain author comments and observations, written in Times New Roman, size 10, with single spacing. References should not be inserted in footnotes; they must be placed in the final section dedicated to the reference list.
10. Foreign words, technical terms, or highlighted terms should be in italics. Double quotation marks should be used exclusively for direct quotations. Italics should not be used to emphasize words; for this purpose, use bold. In direct quotations, the text must be transcribed verbatim. If the emphasis exists in the original source, it must be indicated with the phrase "[emphasis in original]" in square brackets.
11. Quotations of fewer than four lines must be incorporated into the body of the text, enclosed in double quotation marks, and not italicized. Quotations of more than four lines must be presented in a separate block of text, indented 4 cm from the left margin, in font size 11, and without quotation marks.
12. Figures, Graphs, and Tables: Figures must have the highest possible resolution, with a minimum of 300 dpi. For figures, graphs, and tables, the title must be placed above the item. It should include an Arabic numeral, followed by a dash and the title, centered, in bold, and in size 12 font. Below the item, the source (reference to the document from which the data was extracted) must be indicated in size 10 font and centered. Figures, Tables, Charts, and Graphs: Names will not be abbreviated and will be written in full.
13. After the conclusion, appendices, attachments, and acknowledgments may be included. The acknowledgments section is intended for mentioning any grants or institutions that provided financial support for the research.
14. Throughout the entire process, from manuscript submission to publication, author identification is restricted information for the Editors and must only be included in the author registration field during electronic submission.
15. All submissions are checked by a plagiarism detection system. To avoid plagiarism, we recommend that authors adhere to the following guidelines:
• Paraphrasing: Present the idea in your own words. Ensure you do not copy extensive literal passages. If you use larger fragments, they must be placed in quotation marks.
• Citation: Strictly follow the APA style formatting guidelines, including the authors' names and the date of publication. Failure to cite correctly may constitute plagiarism. When quoting a source, transcribe the sentence exactly as it appears in the original text.
• Citing a secondary source: This practice denotes that the original quotation is found within another work, requiring the use of the term "as cited in" and providing the page number, year, and both authors (the original author and the author of the work you consulted).
• Self-citation: If authors use their own previously published ideas, they must cite themselves. Using previously published material without proper referencing is considered self-plagiarism.
16. As of the 2024 edition, the MISES JOURNAL adopts the APA (American Psychological Association) citation and referencing system.

APA Citation Style Guide

(Adapted from Mendeley: https://www.mendeley.com/guides/apa-citation-guide/)

This guide covers the standards for in-text citations and the reference list according to the APA style.

Main Components of an APA Reference:

1. APA Reference List Basics A reference list is a compilation of all sources used in a paper. An APA-style reference list must:
• Start on a new page at the end of the document.
• Have the title "References" centered.
• Be alphabetized by the last name of the first author (or by title if the author is unknown, ignoring the articles "a," "an," "the").
• If there are multiple works by the same author, they should be ordered by publication date. If the works are from the same year, they are ordered alphabetically by title and distinguished by a letter (a, b, c, etc.) after the year.
• Contain complete information for all sources cited in the text.
2. APA In-Text Citation Basics In-text citations must be included immediately after a direct quote or paraphrase from another work. They include only the author's last name and the year of publication.
• Standard Format: Mitchell (2017) states… or …(Mitchell, 2017).
• Direct Quotation: Must include the page number. Example: (Mitchell, 2017, p. 104).
• Paraphrase (Indirect Citation): The page number is not required.

Variations:

• Two Authors: Both authors' last names are cited. Example: Mitchell and Smith (2017) state… or …(Mitchell & Smith, 2017).
• Three, Four, or Five Authors: In the first citation, all names are listed. Example: Mitchell, Smith, and Thomson (2017) state… or …(Mitchell, Smith, & Thomson, 2017). In subsequent citations, use the first author's last name followed by "et al.". Example: Mitchell et al. (2017) state… or …(Mitchell et al., 2017).
• Six or More Authors: Cite only the last name of the first author followed by "et al." from the first mention.
• No Author: Use the first few words of the reference, usually the title. If it is a book or report, the title is italicized: (A guide to citation, 2017). If it is an article or webpage, it is in quotation marks: (“APA citation,” 2017).
• Multiple Works by the Same Author in the Same Year: Differentiate with letters (a, b, c) after the year: (Mitchell, 2017a) or (Mitchell, 2017b).
• Multiple Works in the Same Parenthetical Reference: If they are by the same author, list the dates chronologically: (Mitchell, 2007, 2013, 2017). If they are by different authors, the references are ordered alphabetically and separated by a semicolon: (Mitchell & Smith, 2017; Thomson, Coyne, & Davis, 2015).
• Group or Organization: The full name is used in the first citation, and it may be abbreviated thereafter. First: (International Citation Association, 2015). Subsequent: (Citation Association, 2015).
• Secondary Source (Citing a Citation): Indicate the original author followed by "as cited in" and the source you consulted. Example: Lorde (1980), as cited in Mitchell (2017) or (Lorde, 1980, as cited in Mitchell, 2017).
1. How to Cite Different Source Types The in-text citation does not vary by source type (unless the author is unknown), but the reference list format is highly specific.
• Book: Mitchell, J. A., Thomson, M., & Coyne, R. P. (2017). A guide to citation. London, England: My Publisher.
• Edited Book: Williams, S. T. (Ed.). (2015). Referencing: A guide to citation rules (3rd ed.). New York, NY: My Publisher.
• Chapter in an Edited Book: Troy, B. N. (2015). APA citation rules. In S. T. Williams (Ed.), A guide to citation rules (2nd ed., pp. 50-95). New York, NY: Publishers.
• E-book: Mitchell, J. A., Thomson, M., & Coyne, R. P. (2017). A guide to citation. Retrieved from https://www.mendeley.com/reference-management/reference-manager
• Journal Article: Mitchell, J. A. (2017). Citation: Why is it so important. Mendeley Journal, 67(2), 81-95.
• Newspaper Article: Mitchell, J. A. (2017, June 21). Changes to citation formats shake the research world. The Mendeley Telegraph, Research News, p. 9.
• Image: Millais, J. E. (1851-1852). Ophelia [Painting]. Tate, London, United Kingdom. Retrieved from www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/millais-ophelia-n01506
• Film: Hitchcock, A. (Producer & Director). (1954). Rear window [Film]. Paramount Pictures.
• Website: Mitchell, J. A. (2017, May 21). How and when to reference. Retrieved from https://www.howandwhentoreference.com.