O que se Vê e o que não se Vê no Intervencionismo da COVID-19 na França
Uma Crítica da Escola Austríaca às Distorções do Mercado de Trabalho.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30800/mises.2025.v13.1590Palavras-chave:
Escola Austríaca de Economia, pandemia de COVID-19, intervencionismo, mercado de trabalho, subsídios salariais, má alocação de recursos, descoberta empreendedoraResumo
Este artigo explora as consequências econômicas da pandemia de COVID-19 sob a ótica da Escola Austríaca de Economia, com foco nas distorções do mercado de trabalho causadas pelas intervenções governamentais na França. Embora os subsídios salariais, os programas de suspensão temporária de contratos e outras políticas tenham proporcionado alívio imediato, eles mascararam ineficiências mais profundas e atrasaram os ajustes necessários do mercado. Com base nas ideias de Bastiat, Hayek, Mises, Rothbard e Kirzner, este estudo critica os efeitos “visíveis” dessas intervenções — empregos preservados e rendas estabilizadas — ao mesmo tempo que destaca as consequências “invisíveis” de longo prazo, como a má alocação de recursos, a supressão da descoberta empreendedora e o agravamento da desindustrialização. O artigo argumenta que, ao manter artificialmente o emprego em setores em declínio e ao interromper os ciclos naturais de produtividade, essas políticas impediram a capacidade do mercado de se autorregular, prolongando assim a recuperação econômica. Além disso, manter trabalhadores não qualificados sem enfrentar os problemas estruturais do mercado de trabalho enraizou ineficiências e criou uma dependência do apoio governamental. A perspectiva austríaca oferece uma avaliação crítica de como o intervencionismo, embora bem-intencionado, pode levar à estagnação econômica prolongada e à redução da flexibilidade geral do mercado, ressaltando a importância de permitir que os sinais do mercado e as atividades empreendedoras orientem os esforços de recuperação.
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